PAKISTAN

Academic career Photograph taken during Allama Iqbal's youth in 1899 Iqbal, after completing his Master of Arts degree in 1899, began his career as a reader of Arabic at  Oriental College  and shortly afterwards was selected as a junior professor of philosophy at Government College Lahore, where he had also been a student in the past. He worked there until he left for England in 1905. In 1908, he returned from England and joined the same college again as a professor of philosophy and English literature. [29]  In the same period Iqbal began practising law at Chief Court Lahore, but he soon quit law practice and devoted himself in literary works, becoming an active member of  Anjuman-e-Himayat-e-Islam . [21]  In 1919, he became the general secretary of the same organisation. Iqbal's thoughts in his work primarily focus on the spiritual direction and development of human society, centred around experiences from his travels and stays in Western Europe and...

Background of Allama lqbal Iqbal was born on 9 November 1877 in Sialkot within the  Punjab Province of British India  (now in Pakistan). His grandparents were  Kashmiri Pandits ,  Brahmins  of the  Sapru  clan from  Kashmir who converted to  Islam . [12] [17]  In the 19th century, when the  Sikh Empire  was conquering Kashmir, his grandfather's family  migrated to Punjab . Iqbal often mentioned and commemorated his Kashmiri lineage in his writings. [18] [12] Allama Iqbal with his son  Javed Iqbal  in 1930 Iqbal's mother, who died on 9 November 1914. Iqbal expressed his feeling of  pathos in a poetic form after her death. Iqbal's father, Sheikh Noor Muhammad (died 1930), was a tailor, not formally educated but a religious man. [19] [20] Iqbal's mother Imam Bibi was evidently a Sialkoti Punjabi. Iqbal's mother Imam Bibi, a local Punjabi Muslim, was described as a polite and humble woman wh...

Allama Muhammad Iqbal محمد اِقبال ‬ Allama Muhammad Iqbal Born Muhammad Iqbal 9 November 1877 Sialkot ,  Punjab Province, British India , (now in  Punjab, Pakistan ) Died 21 April 1938 (aged 60) Lahore ,  Punjab ,  British India (now in  Punjab, Pakistan ) Nationality Indian Alma mater Scotch Mission College   ( F.A. ) Government College   ( B.A. ,  M.A. ) University of Cambridge   ( B.A. ) University of Munich   ( Ph.D. ) Notable work The Secrets of the Self ,  The Secrets of Selflessness ,  Message from the East ,  Persian Psalms ,  Javid Nama ( more works ) Era 20th-century philosophy Region Muslim world School Islamic philosophy Main interests Islam ,  Urdu poetry ,  Persian poetry ,  Law Notable ideas Allahabad Address Influences [show] Influenced